BMP signaling is one of the key pathways regulating craniofacial development. It is involved
in the early patterning of the head, the development of cranial neural crest cells, and facial
patterning. It regulates development of its mineralized structures, such as cranial bones,
maxilla, mandible, palate, and teeth. Targeted mutations in the mouse have been
instrumental to delineate the functional involvement of this signaling network in different
aspects of craniofacial development. Gene polymorphisms and mutations in BMP pathway …