Short-acting β-adrenergic receptor agonists have pharmacologically predictable dose-
related and potency-related adverse effects, including tachycardia and tremor, and they also
affect serum potassium and glucose. These effects all show tolerance with continued
exposure. The potential for arrhythmia is increased by comorbidity and hypoxemia.
Nonpharmacologically predictable effects include airway hyperresponsiveness to
nonspecific and specific stimuli, including allergen and exercise, and increased airway …